Our White Papers

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White Paper

The Importance of Using Rated Capacity for PRV Stability Calculations

PRV stability, inlet pressure drop and built-up backpressure, should be evaluated at the rated capacity of the PRV. The rated capacity of the PRV corresponds to a specific overpressure, which is 10% of the set pressure or 3 psi, whichever is greater, for ASME VIII certified relief devices.

Thermal Expansion Relief Requirements for Liquids, Vapors, and Supercritical Fluids

Vessels and pipes ﬁlled with ﬂuids require pressure relief in order to protect from loss of containment caused by ﬂuid thermal expansion. Thermal expansion of ﬂuids occurs when the ﬂuid is heated as a result of steam tracing, solar radiation, external ﬁre, etc.

White Paper

Two-Phase Flow Onset and Disengagement Methods

Two-phase flow is often considered in system hydraulics as well as the evaluation and design of pressure relief and effluent handling systems. A variety of scenarios can lead to two-phase flow under relief conditions.

White Paper

Understanding MAWP and High-Pressure Vessel Design

This white paper explains how and who determines the maximum allowable working pressure (MAWP), the relationship between MAWP and Design Pressure, and finally how high-pressure vessel is designed. It specifically looks at how ASME VIII Division 1 formulas

White Paper

Vent Containment Design for Emergency Relief Systems

Emergency relief discharge from a chemical reactor or a process storage vessel will often need treatment before it can be vented to atmosphere. The discharge of flammable and/or toxic materials can create fire and explosion hazards as well as toxicity hazards both on site and off site.